TPLF Weakness and Tigray Conflict: Internal Divisions and Retreat

The retreat of TPLF forces from various cities in the Tigray region following the conflict escalation in September 2019 has sparked significant debate. Former TPLF official Bisirat Amare attributes this rapid withdrawal primarily to internal divisions and a deep political crisis within the organization. He argues that the group weakened significantly following the death of Meles Zenawi and fragmented further after the Pretoria Agreement, severely impacting its ability to govern or lead effectively.

Furthermore, the division of Tigrayan armed forces into competing factions and serious leadership disagreements have critically undermined the group's defensive capabilities. Other political analysts, including Dr. Getiye Tirfe, concur that these internal fractures, coupled with the departure of key figures like Getachew Reda, led to the collapse of their resistance. Consequently, the TPLF was forced to surrender many cities without significant armed confrontation.