Why Peace Agreements Fail? Lessons from Rwanda and Sudan

The article analyzes why peace agreements often fail, specifically examining the cases of Rwanda and Sudan. It discusses the 1993 Arusha Accords in Rwanda, noting that the agreement's failure to address power-sharing and distrust between the Hutu-led government and the RPF eventually led to the 1994 genocide. Similarly, it reviews the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement between the Sudanese government and the SPLA, which ended the civil war but left critical issues like oil revenue sharing and border disputes unresolved. These unresolved tensions eventually led to renewed conflicts between the two nations. The piece highlights how lack of international support and failure to implement key provisions often undermine peace efforts.